Greater trochanteric pain syndrome is a common cause of lateral hip pain, historically misdiagnosed as trochanteric bursitis. Advances in imaging and understanding of pathology have identified gluteal tendinopathy, partial and complete tears, and iliotibial band dysfunction as primary contributors to the condition. Diagnosis combines clinical examination, imaging, and awareness of associated conditions, such as external snapping hip and abductor tendon degeneration. Conservative treatments, including physical therapy, injections, and shockwave therapy, are first-line options. Surgical interventions, such as endoscopic or open tendon repair, are considered when nonoperative management fails. Surgical outcomes show improvements in pain and function, with newer techniques enhancing recovery.