Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, Peripartum (Perinatal) Depression, and Perimenopausal Depression

This chapter defines reproductive mood disorders with specific focus on pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and perinatal depression (PND), as well as mention of perimenopause depression. Comprehensive diagnostic considerations are outlined for each disorder, including diagnostic features, comparison of ICD/DSM diagnostic criteria, and epidemiology. Detailed backgrounds of the etiology and pathophysiology of PMDD and PND are provided, including genetic factors, neurobiological factors, psychological factors, as well as social and environmental factors. Clinical issues are broached, including thoughts regarding assessment issues, associated features of the disorders, comorbidity, course of illness, differences in developmental and cultural presentations, and differential diagnoses. Lastly, treatment considerations are thoughtfully summarized with goals of treatment and treatment options, such as somatic treatments, psychosocial treatments, and combined treatments. Special factors influencing treatment are described, including innovative treatments and future directions in the field of reproductive psychiatry.