Musculoskeletal injuries are a common and important reason for pediatric emergency department visits. Due to the unique properties of the developing bones of children, pediatric musculoskeletal injuries often differ from those that occur in adults. It is essential for radiologists involved in the emergency care of children to be familiar with common pediatric bone injuries. This chapter reviews a number of the most important musculoskeletal injuries which occur in children, including pediatric fracture types, distal radius and forearm fractures, elbow fractures, slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), avulsion fractures of the pelvis and knee, toddler and trampoline fractures (TRFs), transitional ankle fractures (TAFs), and nonaccidental trauma (NAT).