Data management in epidemiology comprises the structured and organized handling of data generated from a wide range of potential data sources. Activities range from data collection to data analysis and long-term preservation. It is particularly important that the data of interest are captured as accurately and completely as possible and that they are stored securely and efficiently to prevent data loss and ensure easy retrieval. An adequate organization of the data refers to structuring the data, ensuring interoperability, setting up metadata to enable a proper documentation, and search functionalities for efficient data access and analysis. Issues such as data quality management, data cleaning, data security, data sharing, data linkage, long-term archiving, standards compliance, ethical obligations, and regulatory and compliance requirements must be addressed with the primary goal of effective scientific data management to provide scientists with the datasets they need to successfully address their research questions.