A seamless pharmaceutical supply chain is enabled by the use of appropriate product identification, using barcodes or radio frequency identification (RFID), electronic interoperability throughout the supply chain, together with automation at different points. This chapter describes the pharmaceutical supply chain in the UK and Europe. The chapter outlines how barcode symbologies have been developed as standards to enable medicine identification and verification at various points of the supply chain, and highlights some of the risks of their use. The chapter describes the gradual move towards standardisation of barcodes, and lists various benefits of a digitised pharmaceutical supply chain, namely supply chain efficiency, supply chain security and medicines verification, pharmacy workload tracking and patient safety.