Microalgae serve as exceptional sources of several pigments, such as carotenoids, xanthophylls, and phycobiliproteins. Microalgae-derived β-carotene is used as a “natural” food additive. Dunaliella salina possesses the highest concentration of and is sold widely and used in feed, supplements, food, and cosmetics. The therapeutic potential of β-carotene includes reducing the risk of disease by modifying cell signaling pathways, antioxidant activity, nutritional value as provitamin A, scavenging peroxyl radicals, skin protection, and restoring the activity of enzymes (such as catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) to protect vital organs. Despite the many industrial applications, increasing microalgae productivity is still a challenge that can be solved through genetic engineering, which can change a strain’s genetic makeup to produce strains with faster growth rates, better photosynthetic capacity, and higher biomass and its by-products. The use of genome editing techniques, including CRISPR/Cas systems, in microalgae for targeted gene knockouts and knockins, gene targeting, and gene expression regulation is known as genetic engineering. This experiment is methodologically focusing on the use of biosynthetic pathway/approaches (CRISPR/Cas9) in order to optimize pigment biosynthesis by using the Dunaliella salina strain of microalgae with improved lipid and pigment contents.