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Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) is a fundamental aspect of brain organization that is traditionally assessed using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Combining this method with optogenetics (opto-fMRI) offers a powerful approach to causally investigate RSFC by allowing precise modulation and monitoring of local neural activity along with brain-wide fMRI signals. Here, we describe key experimental procedures for implementing opto-fMRI, including awake rodent imaging, opsin expression strategies, and calcium signal recording, as well as preprocessing of calcium and fMRI signals. We then discuss the applications of opto-fMRI in uncovering cell type-specific contributions to brain network activity and inferring causality in RSFC.

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Understanding Resting-State Functional Connectivity Using Opto-fMRI

  • 实验方案

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Xu Han,
  • Lauren N. Beloate,
  • Nanyin Zhang

摘要

Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) is a fundamental aspect of brain organization that is traditionally assessed using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Combining this method with optogenetics (opto-fMRI) offers a powerful approach to causally investigate RSFC by allowing precise modulation and monitoring of local neural activity along with brain-wide fMRI signals. Here, we describe key experimental procedures for implementing opto-fMRI, including awake rodent imaging, opsin expression strategies, and calcium signal recording, as well as preprocessing of calcium and fMRI signals. We then discuss the applications of opto-fMRI in uncovering cell type-specific contributions to brain network activity and inferring causality in RSFC.