Orchids, renowned for their exquisite beauty and ecological importance, are among the most diverse and commercially valuable groups of flowering plants. However, habitat destruction, overcollection, and the dependence on symbiotic relationships for seed germination have made many species critically endangered. Conservation strategies are crucial to preserve their genetic diversity for breeding and future sustainability. Cryopreservation has emerged as a pivotal method for orchid germplasm conservation, enabling the long-term storage of tissues and organs such as seeds, protocorms, and pollinia at ultra-low temperatures (−196 °C). This chapter focuses on the cryopreservation of orchid pollinia, a key resource for breeding programs. Pollinia, compact structures formed by the fusion of pollen grains, play a critical role in facilitating cross-pollination across temporal and spatial barriers. Techniques such as vitrification and liquid nitrogen storage have demonstrated success in maintaining pollinia vitality and fertility, as exemplified by Dendrobium, Phalaenopsis, Cattleya, and Arundina graminifolia. This chapter provides a comprehensive guide to the methodologies, challenges, and outcomes of pollinia cryopreservation, emphasizing its significance in preserving orchid biodiversity and supporting breeding initiatives.