In this chapter, we present the current situation in the area of cancer vaccines. While cancer vaccines evidently show great potential and hope for many cancer patients worldwide, today only few cancer vaccines were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). They are divided into preventive and therapeutic cancer vaccines. The approved cancer vaccines are discussed in more details in the text. Beside approved vaccines, a huge number of vaccines are currently in clinical trials, and representative, well-documented trials are shown in the text and appear in Table 1. Finally, some auxiliary adjuvants and approaches to intensify cancer vaccine efficiency are also shown.