This chapter provides a comprehensive overview and comparative analysis of recent advancements in cereal fortification techniques. Cereal fortification adds vital nutrients to staple meals, thereby mitigating the world’s malnutrition crisis and improving public health. A thorough analysis is conducted on three primary methods of fortification: encapsulation, nanoparticulation, and chelation. Every approach is assessed according to its intended use, components, benefits and drawbacks, safety factors, applications, and possible health benefits. The chapter also discusses the uses and health advantages of the chelation process, particularly as it relates to cereal fortification. This chapter attempts to provide insights into the effectiveness and potential of cereal fortification strategies in preventing vitamin shortages and enhancing overall nutritional outcomes by integrating current research and improvements in fortification technologies.