This chapter provides valuable insights into the use of electroencephalographic (EEG) measures to quantify temporal dynamics of human brain asymmetries at rest and during stimulus processing. The first section addresses methodological considerations concerning EEG recording, distinguishing between Event-Related Potential (ERP) responses and induced frequency activity. Subsequently, key findings regarding human lateralization in perception, language, and emotion are reviewed. The chapter concludes with an examination of recent endeavors to integrate EEG with other neuroimaging modalities to enhance our understanding of lateralized cognitive functions.