Base editors, CRISPR/Cas-based precise genome editing tools, enable base conversion at a target site without inducing DNA double-strand breaks. The genome editing targetable range is restricted by the requirement for protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence. Cas9 derived from Streptococcus pyogenes (SpCas9)—most widely used for genome editing in many organisms—requires an NGG sequence adjacent to the target site as a PAM. Then, engineered and natural Cas variants with altered PAM recognition are used for base editor to expand the flexibility of base substitution position. In this chapter, we describe a protocol for base editing based on SpCas9-NG, which is a rationally engineered SpCas9 variant that can recognize relaxed NG PAMs.

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Precise Base Substitution Using CRISPR/Cas-Mediated Base Editor in Rice

  • Masaki Endo,
  • Katsuya Negishi,
  • Seiichi Toki

摘要

Base editors, CRISPR/Cas-based precise genome editing tools, enable base conversion at a target site without inducing DNA double-strand breaks. The genome editing targetable range is restricted by the requirement for protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence. Cas9 derived from Streptococcus pyogenes (SpCas9)—most widely used for genome editing in many organisms—requires an NGG sequence adjacent to the target site as a PAM. Then, engineered and natural Cas variants with altered PAM recognition are used for base editor to expand the flexibility of base substitution position. In this chapter, we describe a protocol for base editing based on SpCas9-NG, which is a rationally engineered SpCas9 variant that can recognize relaxed NG PAMs.