Protocorm-Like Body Induction and Development Using In Vitro Culture Techniques and Biotechnological Methods

The ability to form protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) is a characteristic regeneration feature of orchid explants. Micropropagation methods using defined media with plant growth regulators and organic additives are the typical first step in PLB induction and plantlet regeneration. Different types of explants, especially protocorms and newly generated PLBs, have been used successfully in regeneration studies. Biotechnological methods (e.g., LED lights and bioreactors) aid PLB and plantlet production. The enhanced growth of PLB biomass through bioreactors allows mass propagation of plantlets and increases secondary product production. Generating synthetic seeds and cryopreserved germplasms provides additional orchid propagation and conservation tools. Continual improvements in micropropagation and biotechnological methods will aid in our ability to produce quality plantlets and conserve orchid species.