Histopathological Analysis of Brains from Dogs Infected with Canine Distemper Virus

We describe the use of conventional histology and immunohistochemistry against canine distemper virus (CDV) to examine the brains of domestic dogs with a confirmed diagnosis of CDV infection. Histologically, to identify the main typical lesions, we used conventional H&E stain; to evaluate the progressive demyelination, we used Luxol Fast Blue stain; and to identify the presence of viral particles in these affected regions, we used immunohistochemistry against CDV. We confirm that the histopathological analysis of brains of distemper-infected dogs is a powerful tool to evaluate the typical brain lesions and could be used as an interesting natural model to continue studying the pathogenesis of canine distemper in different species and/or other morbillivirus infections, like measles.