Super- and Subcritical Fluid Extraction of Nutraceuticals and Novel Phytocompound

Alternative methods are currently being investigated to reduce the overuse of organic solvents, which have serious environmental and health consequences. Certain promising green technology-based alternative extractions are employed in a wide range of bioactive and nutraceutical extractions, including ultrasonication, microwave-assisted extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, and enzyme-assisted extraction. Super- and subcritical fluid extractions, on the other hand, are sufficiently sophisticated green technologies that have superior efficacy and selectivity for the extraction of nonpolar and low-polar constituents. In this regard, this chapter gives an overview of the process, the theory of super- and subcritical extraction, and the role of pivotal variables for optimal extraction. Additionally, recent findings of the principal phytochemical and bioactive compounds extracted by this process with their nature, biological activities, and stability during and after processing are discussed.