In Vivo Immunomodulatory Study of Postbiotics in Mice

The ultimate property of postbiotics is associated with immunomodulatory activities. They play three important roles in stimulating the immune system, upholding the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier, and antagonizing pathogens from antibiotics. This protocol helps analyze the above-mentioned important roles of postbiotics using the mice models. The activation of immune cells could be identified by the air pouch method, the lining up of the mucosal barrier with postbiotics by intraperitoneal method, and antagonistic activity by the oral treatment method.