Immunomodulatory Activity of Postbiotics from Lactobacillus

Lactobacilli-derived postbiotics contain a diverse set of molecules, including peptidoglycan, surface proteins, cell wall polysaccharides, secreted proteins, bacteriocin, and organic acids, all of which have beneficial effects on the host, such as immunomodulatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, and barrier-preservation effects. In this chapter, we comprehensively summarize the immunomodulatory methods of Lactobacilli-derived postbiotics. Immunomodulatory methods are measured by analyzing cytokines production with human intestinal epithelial cell (IECs) and human dendritic cells (DCs).