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Lead service lines (LSLs) can cause high concentrations of lead in drinking water and have become a health-hazard. The US EPA has proposed rules that will require water utilities to replace LSLs under their control. Unfortunately, information about the material of the service lines is not easily available to the utilities. Visual inspections are not possible without digging and the labor costs for each digging are quite high. A 2024 US EPA survey estimates that 9.2 million LSLs are in use and it is extremely important to lower the cost of determining the material a service line with high accuracy. The potential hardware and software technologies needed for the “no-digging” approach are extremely advanced but are now available as affordable Internet of Things (IoT) modules. Based on our research, one promising integrated IoT and AI design that explores the electromagnetic pulse induction (PI) method to implement the “no-digging” approach is discussed in this chapter.

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Service Line Material Detection Using Internet-of-Things (IoT) Devices and Machine Learning (ML)

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2024年

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  • Sudhir Kshirsagar,
  • Steve Mylroie

摘要

Lead service lines (LSLs) can cause high concentrations of lead in drinking water and have become a health-hazard. The US EPA has proposed rules that will require water utilities to replace LSLs under their control. Unfortunately, information about the material of the service lines is not easily available to the utilities. Visual inspections are not possible without digging and the labor costs for each digging are quite high. A 2024 US EPA survey estimates that 9.2 million LSLs are in use and it is extremely important to lower the cost of determining the material a service line with high accuracy. The potential hardware and software technologies needed for the “no-digging” approach are extremely advanced but are now available as affordable Internet of Things (IoT) modules. Based on our research, one promising integrated IoT and AI design that explores the electromagnetic pulse induction (PI) method to implement the “no-digging” approach is discussed in this chapter.