Concluding Remarks

As a corollary of the outstanding outputs provided by all the authors in this book, this chapter summarizes the main findings on the research of natural and synthetic fragrances in the environment. The state-of-the-art of their properties, use patterns in the industry, and analytical approaches for their quantification in several environmental matrices, levels, distribution, and trends illustrate the complex task of addressing the behaviour of fragrance materials and their interaction with humans and other ecosystems. Some risk considerations are also discussed, as this is one of the areas where the need for further research is more evident. Preventive measures are needed to mitigate the potentially hazardous effects of these chemicals, as well as more thorough toxicological studies. The future perspectives that stem from the limitations and knowledge gaps identified must consider the continuous release of new compounds, ensure their safety and the replacement of harmful products under the pillars of sustainability.