Conflicts and Natural Disasters, Sources of Migration in the Twenty-First Century

The increasing number of people forced to find a new “home country,” even for a limited period, is due to conflicts and violence, political and religious ideologies, and the increasingly prominent manifestations of global climate change. Analyzing this phenomenon and identifying solutions can provide the premise for sustainable global development. If the evolution of armed conflicts, political concepts, and financial situations can record radical changes in a short time, the same cannot be said of extreme climate changes. Climate changes globally, more markedly since the era of industrialization, have led to the emergence of extreme influence of environmental factors. Climatic and hydrological disasters are more and more frequent, affecting vast areas, causing many losses of human lives, as well as financial losses. This chapter focuses on highlighting the causes of migrations as well as the share of these events in migration flows from the beginning of the twenty-first century.