Percutaneous biopsy under imaging-guidance aims at obtaining tissue samples to diagnose a patient’s disease accurately in a minimally invasive way. Various imaging techniques can be used for biopsy guidance, including computed tomography, ultrasound imaging, fluoroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. As this technique is precise, efficacious and relatively safe, percutaneous image-guided biopsy has been established as the standard of care for tissue sampling across a broad range of clinical applications. Image-guided biopsy is routinely performed in various specific organs such as the lung, liver, adrenal gland, pancreas and kidney. Issues to consider include patient preparation, selection of biopsy devices, biopsy technique and accessing difficult-to-reach lesions, and management of post-procedure bleeding.