Music performance is a multisensory and embodied art form, yet the physical fitness of musicians is often overlooked in musical aesthetics. This chapter examines the interplay between music aesthetics and musicians’ health among Indian classical musicians, with comparative global insights. Drawing on Indian and Western theoretical frameworks, we explore how physical and mental well-being influences artistry and performance quality. We review physiological demands on Indian musicians, prevalence of performance-related injuries, and impacts on aesthetic output, alongside gender-based biases and cognitive-emotional fitness. Ethnographic vignettes illustrate real-world challenges and strategies. This chapter advocates for interdisciplinary research and educational initiatives to support healthy, expressive musicians.