The population is getting older virtually everywhere in the world, largely because of advances in modern medicine allowing for longer lifespan as well as fewer births per woman resulting in fewer young people. As a result of this global aging epidemic, many chronic diseases associated with advanced age are now among the most prevalent, burdensome, and costly health conditions. Age-related diseases with a large public health burden include cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. These conditions are a tremendous clinical and economic burden due to their high prevalence and incidence, increased mortality, reductions in quality of life, and increased medical costs. Healthcare has already begun to address the growing burden of age-related chronic diseases through increased emphasis on prevention, early detection, and timely management, but there is more to be done.