Cancer immunotherapy holds great potential, but its clinical application in a broader range of tumor scenarios is still pending. Numerous treatment combinations are anticipated to enhance their efficacy. Strategies that can cause immunogenic cell death are particularly attractive for improving the effectiveness of approved immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Among these treatments, there are doxorubicin, radiotherapy, hyperthermia, and the reprogramming of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), such as the repolarization of M2-to-M1-like macrophages in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Iron oxide-based nanomedicines, such as superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), can effectively integrate many modalities into a single agent due to their adaptable design and versatility. SPIONs have already demonstrated their safety and biocompatibility. They possess the ability to transport drugs, such as chemotherapy and ICIs, as well as magnetic properties, including magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This review will examine the various uses of SPIONs in cancer immunotherapy, with a specific focus on their theranostic capabilities for targeting/reprogramming TAMs and inducing MHT. The initial section of this paper will provide a concise description of immunological targets for nanoparticles (NPs). The subsequent sections will address the general characteristics of SPIONs, including their capabilities to generate MHT. The final section focuses on the immunological response caused by SPIONs through their impact on TAMs.

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Theranostic Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Reprograming Properties on Tumor-Associated Macrophages

  • Alexandre M. M. Dias,
  • Alan Courteau,
  • Camille Petitot,
  • John Simonet,
  • Jean-Marc Vrigneaud,
  • Pierre-Simon Bellaye,
  • Alexandra Oudot,
  • Agnieszka Kownacka,
  • Jérémy Paris,
  • Richard Decréau,
  • Paul-Michael Walker,
  • Romain Douhard,
  • Bertrand Collin

摘要

Cancer immunotherapy holds great potential, but its clinical application in a broader range of tumor scenarios is still pending. Numerous treatment combinations are anticipated to enhance their efficacy. Strategies that can cause immunogenic cell death are particularly attractive for improving the effectiveness of approved immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Among these treatments, there are doxorubicin, radiotherapy, hyperthermia, and the reprogramming of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), such as the repolarization of M2-to-M1-like macrophages in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Iron oxide-based nanomedicines, such as superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs), can effectively integrate many modalities into a single agent due to their adaptable design and versatility. SPIONs have already demonstrated their safety and biocompatibility. They possess the ability to transport drugs, such as chemotherapy and ICIs, as well as magnetic properties, including magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This review will examine the various uses of SPIONs in cancer immunotherapy, with a specific focus on their theranostic capabilities for targeting/reprogramming TAMs and inducing MHT. The initial section of this paper will provide a concise description of immunological targets for nanoparticles (NPs). The subsequent sections will address the general characteristics of SPIONs, including their capabilities to generate MHT. The final section focuses on the immunological response caused by SPIONs through their impact on TAMs.