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Cancer immunotherapy represents a new, promising avenue in cancer treatment. It is growing in importance and influence as proof of immunotherapeutic drugs’ strong anticancer efficacy in both hematologic and solid tumors increases. The main objectives of immunotherapeutic techniques are to improve or promote cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration and activity in malignancies, slow tumor growth, and prevent metastasis. Localized cancer treatments that merge immunotherapy with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or phototherapy may have synergistic antitumor benefits. Targeted immunotherapy for cancer may be made possible by imaging without causing side effects. Understanding and identifying the processes of immunosuppression may also be helpful. In this article, we go through the roles of T cells in immunotherapy, immunological responses to tumors, and immune-related adverse events. To increase the effectiveness of treatment, it is crucial to comprehend the immune checkpoint blockade’s underlying mechanism. Imaging techniques can be used to monitor the immune response after immunotherapy for cancer. Finally, we examine cellular and molecular imaging for monitoring T-cell responses throughout the cancer-immunity cycle in conjunction with immunotherapy. MRI, PET, and SPECT are also discussed for their benefits and drawbacks. Additionally, we demonstrate how these imaging techniques might be applied to track patients’ immunotherapy outcomes and forecast their prognoses.

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T-Cell Responses During Cancer Immunotherapy Through the Use of CT, MRI, and PET

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2024年

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  • Afsaneh Soltani,
  • Adrina Habibzadeh,
  • Hanie Karimi,
  • Fatemeh Afra,
  • Samira Eini,
  • Hengameh Nazari,
  • Nima Rezaei

摘要

Cancer immunotherapy represents a new, promising avenue in cancer treatment. It is growing in importance and influence as proof of immunotherapeutic drugs’ strong anticancer efficacy in both hematologic and solid tumors increases. The main objectives of immunotherapeutic techniques are to improve or promote cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration and activity in malignancies, slow tumor growth, and prevent metastasis. Localized cancer treatments that merge immunotherapy with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or phototherapy may have synergistic antitumor benefits. Targeted immunotherapy for cancer may be made possible by imaging without causing side effects. Understanding and identifying the processes of immunosuppression may also be helpful. In this article, we go through the roles of T cells in immunotherapy, immunological responses to tumors, and immune-related adverse events. To increase the effectiveness of treatment, it is crucial to comprehend the immune checkpoint blockade’s underlying mechanism. Imaging techniques can be used to monitor the immune response after immunotherapy for cancer. Finally, we examine cellular and molecular imaging for monitoring T-cell responses throughout the cancer-immunity cycle in conjunction with immunotherapy. MRI, PET, and SPECT are also discussed for their benefits and drawbacks. Additionally, we demonstrate how these imaging techniques might be applied to track patients’ immunotherapy outcomes and forecast their prognoses.