Nutrition is a significant modifiable cancer risk factor. Proper diet modifications can play a major role in lowering the incidence of some cancers. There is growing epidemiological evidence linking certain food exposures to specific cancers. The prevention of cancer has been associated with certain vitamins and trace minerals. This is because these trace elements participate in several pathways that control cancer, carrying out roles and duties. Micronutrient-dense diets, such as those high in vitamin D, selenium, and B12, help in preventing cancer. Cases of cancer would decline if appropriate standards and norms were followed when following a diet. For this reason, nutrients are crucial since they can help prevent cancer. Nutrigenomics is a field of study that investigates the impact of dietary chemicals on an individual’s genetic composition, encompassing the genome, proteome, and metabolome. The field of nutrigenomics utilizes high-throughput genomic technologies to investigate the impact of nutrition on gene expression. The integration of nutrigenomics with systems biology yields a precision nutrition approach that offers personalized dietary recommendations, hence enhancing the efficacy of disease recovery.