Transplant oncology is an emerging concept with promising outcomes in cancer treatment. The concept of transplant oncology integrates various fields of oncology, surgery, and transplant medicine aiming to broaden the scope of research and treatment of hepatobiliary cancers and other malignant lesions located in the liver. Many malignancies, especially those that originate in the gastrointestinal tract, often metastasize to the liver. In addition to cases of acute or chronic liver failure, primary liver cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and secondary tumors from neuroendocrine or colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) can all be effectively treated by liver transplantation. The goal of this chapter is to review how liver transplantation is evolving in terms of oncological indications in cholangiocarcinoma, liver metastatic disease from colorectal cancer, and neuroendocrine tumors and the importance of multidisciplinary care in the selection of the appropriate candidates.