Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Metastasis is the leading cause of high mortality in most cancers. In BC, metastasis starts as a local disease and can spread to lymph nodes or distant organs, resulting in the limited effectiveness of therapy. Metastatic BC cells acquire aggressive characteristics caused by several biological conditions such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, chromosomal instability, epigenetic factors, soluble factors, expression of adhesion molecules, and metabolic alterations, among others. Currently, preclinical studies suggest a link between increased risk for BC metastasis and exposure to bisphenols, especially bisphenol a (BPA). Bisphenols exert estrogenic effects and are found in different plastic products. Mechanistically, bisphenols bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) and activate the expression of genes associated with cell proliferation and BC. In this review, we expose BC metastasis addressed by BPA to facilitate the development of targeted therapeutics focused on metastasis.

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

Metastasis and the Endocrine-Disrupting Compound Bisphenol A: An Emerging and Interdisciplinary Approach in Cancer Research

  • Mariana Segovia-Mendoza

摘要

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Metastasis is the leading cause of high mortality in most cancers. In BC, metastasis starts as a local disease and can spread to lymph nodes or distant organs, resulting in the limited effectiveness of therapy. Metastatic BC cells acquire aggressive characteristics caused by several biological conditions such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, chromosomal instability, epigenetic factors, soluble factors, expression of adhesion molecules, and metabolic alterations, among others. Currently, preclinical studies suggest a link between increased risk for BC metastasis and exposure to bisphenols, especially bisphenol a (BPA). Bisphenols exert estrogenic effects and are found in different plastic products. Mechanistically, bisphenols bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) and activate the expression of genes associated with cell proliferation and BC. In this review, we expose BC metastasis addressed by BPA to facilitate the development of targeted therapeutics focused on metastasis.