Pediatric posterior fossa tumors (PFTs) account for the majority of pediatric brain tumors, the most common type of solid tumors in childhood. The prognosis and outcome of these patients depend on many variables, namely pathology of the tumor, age at diagnosis, and extent of tumor resection. The influence of such factors on the outcome of patients with PFT has been reported in developed countries, but it remains incompletely defined in developing countries. Therefore, such reports are needed for developing countries, including Iran with a lower-middle income economy. The aim of this section is to give an overview of pediatric PFTs and report a single-center experience on PFTs in the Iranian pediatric population. Out of the 156 patients with PFTs, there were 71 females and 85 males with a mean (±3SD) age of 54.14 ± 39 months. The most common symptoms were nausea and vomiting (67.5%) followed by headache (46.1%). Most of the tumors were located in the fourth ventricle (33%), and the most common histopathological diagnoses were medulloblastoma (29.7%) followed by pilocytic juvenile astrocytoma (25.4%) and ependymoma (25.4%). We found that the best survival outcomes were observed in patients with gross total resection of the tumor. It is concluded that findings on the Iranian pediatric population with PFTs were mostly in harmony with those reported in other countries, suggesting the presence of uniform disease characteristics among different populations in the world.