siRNA Loaded in Drug Delivery Nanosystems as a Strategy for Breast Cancer Treatment

Advances in genetic sequencing techniques have enabled the knowledge of promising molecules, including siRNA (short interfering RNA), a mechanism of gene silencing directed against the mRNA strand that prevents protein synthesis and enables the formulation of drugs with greater effectiveness and directionality to the therapeutic target and less side effect. However, these molecules have low stability and need the aid of delivery systems, so they have been widely studied in conjunction with nanoparticles, structures that are up to 100 nm in size and, depending on their classification, influence the biocompatibility, biodistribution, and pharmacokinetics of the molecules. Breast cancer is one of the diseases that has been the target of these studies, due to the properties of these molecules. Thus, this chapter will bring together studies that address the siRNA carried in the main types of drug delivery nanosystems for the treatment of breast cancer.