Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most prominent health issues among women around the world. Therefore, understanding the gene expression and mutation in OC is a key factor in treating this disease. Like any other types of cancers, OC is also related to gene mutation. Research has shown a strong correlation of OC and the mutation of the breast cancer (BRCA) 1 and 2 gene. Although these two genes play different roles in genome protection, they both contribute to the revision of the DNA by homologous recombination (HR). Mutation of either of these genes will prevent them from functioning properly, thereby leading to cancer. Furthermore, one of the most common factors that relate to OC is the mutation of the tumor protein 53 (TP53) gene. Genetic mutation and alteration of TP53 is considered one of the most frequently occur in human cancer. In this review, we will discuss the current findings of gene expression and mutations in ovarian cancer, more specifically, BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, and other related genes. Moreover, new discoveries for the ovarian cancer treatment, which target these gene mutations, will also be mentioned in this chapter.