Scholarlink

Achieving frequency transfer by Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) links at the \(10^{-16}\) – \(10^{-18}\) stability level requires careful assessment of environmental effects, particularly temperature-induced fluctuations in receivers, antennas, cables, and splitters. We study thermal effects using a common-clock zero-baseline setup with Septentrio PolaRx5TR and JAVAD OMEGA receivers in a controlled temperature chamber. Our Septentrio receivers show significantly higher sensitivity to temperature influences than the JAVAD receivers. Temperature sensitivity is computed for GPS, Galileo and BeiDou systems, and amounts up to approx. 10–40 ps/ \(^{\circ }\) C depending on the signal frequency. Signal splitters exhibit varying sensitivity values with a maximum of about \({1.2}\,\mathrm {ps}/^{\circ }\mathrm {C}\) depending on the receiver combination. These findings highlight the necessity for thermal noise compensation for high-precision GNSS frequency transfer.

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Assessing Thermal Noise Impact in GNSS Frequency Transfer: Insights from a Temperature Chamber Experiment

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Ahmed Elmaghraby,
  • Thomas Krawinkel,
  • Tobias Kersten,
  • Steffen Schön

摘要

Achieving frequency transfer by Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) links at the \(10^{-16}\) – \(10^{-18}\) stability level requires careful assessment of environmental effects, particularly temperature-induced fluctuations in receivers, antennas, cables, and splitters. We study thermal effects using a common-clock zero-baseline setup with Septentrio PolaRx5TR and JAVAD OMEGA receivers in a controlled temperature chamber. Our Septentrio receivers show significantly higher sensitivity to temperature influences than the JAVAD receivers. Temperature sensitivity is computed for GPS, Galileo and BeiDou systems, and amounts up to approx. 10–40 ps/ \(^{\circ }\) C depending on the signal frequency. Signal splitters exhibit varying sensitivity values with a maximum of about \({1.2}\,\mathrm {ps}/^{\circ }\mathrm {C}\) depending on the receiver combination. These findings highlight the necessity for thermal noise compensation for high-precision GNSS frequency transfer.