Block-Bootstrap Evaluation of Galileo HAS Orbit Corrections Against Broadcast Ephemerides
摘要
The Galileo High Accuracy Service (HAS) provides State Space Representation (SSR) corrections for satellite orbits, clocks and biases, enabling high-accuracy GNSS applications. While several studies have assessed HAS-based positioning, fewer works have focused on a rigorous statistical evaluation of HAS-corrected orbits themselves. This paper presents a comparative analysis of Galileo broadcast (BRDC) and HAS-corrected orbits using IGS SP3 products as reference. For 23 Galileo satellites over a 20-day period, 3D orbit errors at the antenna phase center are computed and analysed through a block-wise paired framework combining classical tests and block bootstrap confidence intervals. Results show a systematic and statistically significant RMS reduction for all satellites, with relative improvements typically between 4–6% and up to about 8.4%. The proposed methodology provides a robust template for evaluating GNSS orbit correction services under temporal correlation.