This book explores the issue of energy security in China. It starts by defining the energy security structure, and by pointing out the importance of structural issues related to China’s energy security, arguing that the structural problem is an important manifestation of China’s energy issues and the risk and potential harm due to structural imbalance is the foremost energy security challenge. From an energy structure perspective, the book subsequently analyzes the security of resources including coal, oil, natural gas, and assesses their respective impacts on overall energy security in China. Readers will find a wealth of information on China’s energy structure, as well as practical approaches to optimizing that structure.