<p>Petroleum pollution is the greatest concern for human ‎societies, potentially solved by bioremediation- a demonstrable approach for restoration of the environment. In the ‎matter of petroleum contaminated soil and sediment, numerous ‎methods are available. This causes uncertainty in the accuracy of results, time performance, and financial efficiency required for a successful outcome.‎ Co-composting, mycoremediation, phytoremediation and, bio-piles are ‎established biological methods. ‎However, such methods have grey areas and ‎are elusive. In this book we provide essential ‎guidance and key points for remediation ‎of petroleum contaminated areas.‎ Use of the techniques ‎in full-scale projects requires a greater concentration of knowledge than seen in prior published work. This book collates previously overlooked insights for effective bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soil and sediment.</p>