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<p>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by mood-congruent beliefs, such as devaluation, unworthiness, helplessness, pessimism, or guilt. These depressive beliefs could cause and maintain emotional and behavioral disturbances, playing a central role in MDD prognosis. Drawing on studies exploring how mood affects information processing, we propose a mechanistic theory of belief updating in depression. First, we show how depressive beliefs are formed in environments where negative stimuli are weighted more heavily. Second, we demonstrate how depressed individuals often hold rigid negative metacognitive priors that inhibit belief updating. Third, we clarify how negative beliefs can be generated internally through repetitive, self-focused cognitive patterns. Finally, we critically examine the limitations of current experimental paradigms used to assess belief updating, highlighting methodological constraints and potential confounds. Based on these insights, we outline future research directions to refine experimental designs and improve our understanding of mood-congruent belief updating in depression.</p>

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How mood shapes belief updating bias in depression

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月30日

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  • Hugo Bottemanne,
  • Solène Frileux,
  • Caroline Sevoz-Couche,
  • Yann Pelloux,
  • Romain Colle,
  • Emmanuelle Corruble

摘要

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by mood-congruent beliefs, such as devaluation, unworthiness, helplessness, pessimism, or guilt. These depressive beliefs could cause and maintain emotional and behavioral disturbances, playing a central role in MDD prognosis. Drawing on studies exploring how mood affects information processing, we propose a mechanistic theory of belief updating in depression. First, we show how depressive beliefs are formed in environments where negative stimuli are weighted more heavily. Second, we demonstrate how depressed individuals often hold rigid negative metacognitive priors that inhibit belief updating. Third, we clarify how negative beliefs can be generated internally through repetitive, self-focused cognitive patterns. Finally, we critically examine the limitations of current experimental paradigms used to assess belief updating, highlighting methodological constraints and potential confounds. Based on these insights, we outline future research directions to refine experimental designs and improve our understanding of mood-congruent belief updating in depression.