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<p>Visual stimuli that have emotional meaning gain priority when competing for perceptual priority. One phenomenon that reflects this is emotion-induced blindness (EIB), in which the quick presentation of an emotional picture impairs people’s awareness of a subsequent target. EIB has been proposed to reflect perceptual competition between targets and emotional distractors, with competition increasing the closer in time they appear to each other. We tested whether exposure to emotional pictures – and practice ignoring them – reduces the competitive edge of emotional distractors, as reflected in reduced EIB. Across two experiments, we probed for reduction of EIB when targets and distractors were separated by three temporal separations: lag 1 (where perceptual competition is strongest), lag 2, and lag 4 (where perceptual competition ‒ and EIB ‒ is weak). In Experiment 1, participants trained to ignore negative distractors, ignore neutral distractors, or simply received equivalent exposure to negative distractors over 720 trials. Analyses appeared to reveal no evidence for an effect of prior exposure when tested at lag 1. Experiment 2 investigated whether effects of prior exposure might emerge when EIB was tested at longer distractor-target intervals (lags 2 and 4) and added an additional, no-distractor comparison condition. Analyses of Experiment 2 provided evidence that exposure to negative emotional stimuli may reduce the competitive advantage of novel negative emotional stimuli, reflected in reduced EIB.</p>

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Taming emotion’s dominance in perceptual competition: Exposure to emotional images can reduce emotion-induced blindness caused by other emotional images

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Sandersan Onie,
  • Chris Donkin,
  • Steven B. Most

摘要

Visual stimuli that have emotional meaning gain priority when competing for perceptual priority. One phenomenon that reflects this is emotion-induced blindness (EIB), in which the quick presentation of an emotional picture impairs people’s awareness of a subsequent target. EIB has been proposed to reflect perceptual competition between targets and emotional distractors, with competition increasing the closer in time they appear to each other. We tested whether exposure to emotional pictures – and practice ignoring them – reduces the competitive edge of emotional distractors, as reflected in reduced EIB. Across two experiments, we probed for reduction of EIB when targets and distractors were separated by three temporal separations: lag 1 (where perceptual competition is strongest), lag 2, and lag 4 (where perceptual competition ‒ and EIB ‒ is weak). In Experiment 1, participants trained to ignore negative distractors, ignore neutral distractors, or simply received equivalent exposure to negative distractors over 720 trials. Analyses appeared to reveal no evidence for an effect of prior exposure when tested at lag 1. Experiment 2 investigated whether effects of prior exposure might emerge when EIB was tested at longer distractor-target intervals (lags 2 and 4) and added an additional, no-distractor comparison condition. Analyses of Experiment 2 provided evidence that exposure to negative emotional stimuli may reduce the competitive advantage of novel negative emotional stimuli, reflected in reduced EIB.