Modern Methods and Systems of Formation of Hyperspectral Images

Methods and systems for generation of hyperspectral data based on spectral scanning and without image scanning are considered. This is due to transition from aerospace to ground-based hyperspectral imaging methods in many practical problems. Options for implementation of spectrum separation devices—a key element of the modern viewing hyperspectrometers—are presented. The main parameters and technical characteristics of absorption, interference, and liquid-crystal filters are presented, their principal capabilities are shown. The cross section of the filtered light beam and its angular aperture in such devices can be very large, which makes them suitable for studying objects with a weak radiation. Tunable filters with no mechanical movements of structural elements based on high-speed acousto-optical devices and planar Mach–Zehnder interferometers with electrostatic control are considered. Currently, their maximum spectral resolution is less than 1 nm for the visible and near-infrared ranges.