Principle of Calibrating a Magnetometric Sensor by the Precise Measurement of Change in Its Spatial Position in a Constant Magnetic Field

Magnetometric measurements are widely used to solve the problems of geology, navigation, and some other fields. Currently, there exists a trend to miniaturize magnetometers and reduce their cost. However, the readings of cheap magnetometers are distorted by errors, which require the procedure of calibration. The mathematical models of errors, which are used in most known studies and accepted in this work, are described. The mathematical modeling of magnetometer measurement signals is carried out, and a principle of calibrating a magnetometric sensor by the precise measurement of change in its spatial position in a constant magnetic field is proposed. Estimates are given to the precision of restoring the calibrated parameters and to the signal restoration errors attainable when performing the calibration operations proposed in this paper.