Abstract <p>The article presents a stochastic simulation model of surface microrelief formation after abrasive machining. The model considers the shape and dimensions of abrasive grains, their stochastic distribution, and kinematic parameters. The calculations are implemented in the MATLAB environment in the form of a height matrix generated by superimposing individual slices. Analytical dependences for calculating slice geometry depending on the grain shape and cutting depth are presented. The results of the simulation provide a visualization of the surface and an estimation of roughness parameter <i>S</i>_<i>a</i>. The model is applicable for predicting machining quality and optimizing process modes.</p>