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Abstract <p>The characteristics of welds in AISI 304 stainless steel produced by laser welding and arc welding are compared. The comparison is based on comprehensive tests of the mechanical properties (including the static tension), measurement of the microhardness, and analysis of the structure, microstructure, and elemental composition of the seams. It is found that the seam produced by laser welding is of higher quality, with minimal thermal influence zone (0.5 mm, compared to 1.5 mm in arc welding) and less softening (10%, compared to 13%). No defects (for example, pores or cracks) are seen. The volume of molten metal is 3–4 times less in laser welding; that indicates greater energy efficiency. The results indicate that, in the aircraft, auto, and electronics industries and elsewhere, laser technology is preferable for the welding of critical structures, which require strength, corrosion resistance, and minimal deformation.</p>

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Comparison of Weld Characteristics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • V. V. Sirota,
  • S. V. Zaitsev,
  • A. S. Churikov,
  • D. S. Prokhorenkov,
  • D. S. Podgornyi,
  • D. N. Perelygin,
  • A. V. Konnov,
  • E. P. Dan’shina

摘要

Abstract

The characteristics of welds in AISI 304 stainless steel produced by laser welding and arc welding are compared. The comparison is based on comprehensive tests of the mechanical properties (including the static tension), measurement of the microhardness, and analysis of the structure, microstructure, and elemental composition of the seams. It is found that the seam produced by laser welding is of higher quality, with minimal thermal influence zone (0.5 mm, compared to 1.5 mm in arc welding) and less softening (10%, compared to 13%). No defects (for example, pores or cracks) are seen. The volume of molten metal is 3–4 times less in laser welding; that indicates greater energy efficiency. The results indicate that, in the aircraft, auto, and electronics industries and elsewhere, laser technology is preferable for the welding of critical structures, which require strength, corrosion resistance, and minimal deformation.