Abstract <p>This study was conducted to develop an algorithm for producing grapevine planting material of the highest quality categories using modern biological and digital technologies, based on identifying the effects of agrometeorological (weather-related) and chemical–technogenic factors on seedling yield. The study utilized data from nursery breeding organizations of Krasnodar Krai collected over the period of 2000–2024, as well as databases of agroclimatic indicators for the grape-growing region. Key challenges requiring revision of the methodological framework for producing grapevine planting material of the highest quality categories include insufficient standardization of diagnostic methods, lack of regulated sanitation protocols, deficiencies in the storage of cuttings (propagation material), and inadequate regulation of the maintenance of grapevine mother plantations of the initial category. Agrometeorological conditions have a statistically significant effect on planting material yield (coefficient of determination <i>R</i>² = 0.915; model standard error = 0.32; <i>F</i>-test value = 64.5; Akaike information criterion = 1.35). The calculated decoupling effect (integral index = 0.32) indicates increasing pesticide load and pathogenic impact on the elements of the grapevine nursery system, leading to a reduction in the yield of planting material of the highest quality categories. Elite planting material should therefore be grown with due consideration of the identified direct relationship between planting material yield and the chemical and technogenic effects of applied agrobiotechnologies in accordance with current regulatory requirements and the proposed production algorithm. The features of the proposed algorithm are the introduction of the category “candidate plant for initial stock,” expanded testing for viruses, bacteria, phytoplasmas, and other harmful organisms, maintenance of initial plants under protected cultivation conditions, and varietal and phytosanitary certification of initial-category mother plantations no earlier than the second year of vegetation. Given projected technological shifts and the specific characteristics of planting material of grapevine as a perennial crop, the most promising direction involves the application of advanced biotechnologies based on molecular biology, biochemistry, and genetic engineering, as well as bioinformatics, nano- and cellular technologies, and artificial intelligence systems.</p>