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Abstract <p>The research was carried out in 2022–2024 to study the effect of pre-sowing seed bacterization on the taxonomic diversity of the fungal component of the rhizosphere microbiome of grain crops in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. Pre-sowing seed bacterization was performed using a preparation of diazotrophic bacteria of the genus <i>Arthrobacter mysorens</i> 7 and an inoculant of bacteria of the genus <i>Flavobacterium</i> sp. L-30 with fungicidal-stimulating action. The experimental design involved studying the following variants: crop: spring soft wheat of the Tarskaya 12 variety and oat of the Siberian Hercules variety (factor A); bacterial preparation for seed inoculation (factor B): no preparation, Mizorin, and Flavobacterin. The taxonomic composition of the fungal community has been determined for the first time based on analysis of amplicon libraries of fragments of ribosomal operons of ITS2 fungi during the colonization of roots of agricultural crops by nitrogen-fixing bacteria in various soil-climatic zones of the Omsk Irtysh region (southern forest-steppe and subtaiga). Plant rhizosphere samples for metagenomic analysis were taken in the heading phase (July). Five dominant phyla of soil fungi have been determined in the rhizosphere eukaryotic community according to molecular genetic studies: <i>Ascomycota</i> (about 70%), <i>Mortierellomycota</i> (about 7%), <i>Basidiomycota</i> (about 5%), <i>Mucoromycota</i> (3%), and <i>Chytridiomycota</i> (1%). The dominant orders were <i>Hypocreales</i> (21.8%), <i>Pleosporales</i> (11.4%), <i>Sordariales</i> (11%), <i>Mortierellales</i> (6.7%), and <i>Capnodiales</i> (3.9%). A positive effect of associative nitrogen fixation biopreparations on the fungal community has been established in the soil (rhizosphere) of the experimental plots. During seed bacterization, the growth of saprotrophic fungi (Hypocreales, Sordariales, Mortierellales, Thelebolales, etc.) has been recorded compared to the control variants. The fungicidal properties of the bacterial strains introduced into the soil were manifested with respect to the phytopathogenic fungi of the orders Pleosporales (the abundance in the wheat rhizosphere was 8.0% in the variant with Mizorin and 9.6% in the variant with Flavobacterin vs. 19.8% in the control), Erysiphales (the abundance in the wheat rhizosphere was 0.1% in the variant with Flavobacterin vs. 2.8% in the control), etc.</p>

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Biological Diversity of Micromycetes in Agrocenoses of Western Siberia Using Microbial Preparations

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • N. N. Shuliko,
  • A. A. Kiseleva,
  • E. V. Tukmacheva,
  • A. Yu. Timokhin,
  • M. S. Chekusov,
  • O. N. Didmanidze

摘要

Abstract

The research was carried out in 2022–2024 to study the effect of pre-sowing seed bacterization on the taxonomic diversity of the fungal component of the rhizosphere microbiome of grain crops in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. Pre-sowing seed bacterization was performed using a preparation of diazotrophic bacteria of the genus Arthrobacter mysorens 7 and an inoculant of bacteria of the genus Flavobacterium sp. L-30 with fungicidal-stimulating action. The experimental design involved studying the following variants: crop: spring soft wheat of the Tarskaya 12 variety and oat of the Siberian Hercules variety (factor A); bacterial preparation for seed inoculation (factor B): no preparation, Mizorin, and Flavobacterin. The taxonomic composition of the fungal community has been determined for the first time based on analysis of amplicon libraries of fragments of ribosomal operons of ITS2 fungi during the colonization of roots of agricultural crops by nitrogen-fixing bacteria in various soil-climatic zones of the Omsk Irtysh region (southern forest-steppe and subtaiga). Plant rhizosphere samples for metagenomic analysis were taken in the heading phase (July). Five dominant phyla of soil fungi have been determined in the rhizosphere eukaryotic community according to molecular genetic studies: Ascomycota (about 70%), Mortierellomycota (about 7%), Basidiomycota (about 5%), Mucoromycota (3%), and Chytridiomycota (1%). The dominant orders were Hypocreales (21.8%), Pleosporales (11.4%), Sordariales (11%), Mortierellales (6.7%), and Capnodiales (3.9%). A positive effect of associative nitrogen fixation biopreparations on the fungal community has been established in the soil (rhizosphere) of the experimental plots. During seed bacterization, the growth of saprotrophic fungi (Hypocreales, Sordariales, Mortierellales, Thelebolales, etc.) has been recorded compared to the control variants. The fungicidal properties of the bacterial strains introduced into the soil were manifested with respect to the phytopathogenic fungi of the orders Pleosporales (the abundance in the wheat rhizosphere was 8.0% in the variant with Mizorin and 9.6% in the variant with Flavobacterin vs. 19.8% in the control), Erysiphales (the abundance in the wheat rhizosphere was 0.1% in the variant with Flavobacterin vs. 2.8% in the control), etc.