Abstract <p>The study aimed to develop a method for stimulating morphogenetic processes using ultrasound radiation to quickly bring sterile potato microtubers out of dormancy. The work was carried out in 2022. To ensure genetic homogeneity and sterility, the Udacha potato variety was preliminarily propagated in vitro at a radiation frequency of 22 kHz. The ultrasound power density, which was calculated based on the amount of thermal energy released per unit of time per unit area, ranged from 2.7 to 8.0 W/cm<sup>2</sup> with an exposure of 60 s. The microtubers were then planted on a hormone-free Murashige-Skoog nutrient medium and placed in the dark for 48 hours. In each experimental variant, 60–70 cut parts of the “halves” of potato microtubers were processed. The best result in the experiment was achieved at a power density of 2.7–5.6 W/cm<sup>2</sup>. In this variant, the germination of microtubers reached 83.3 ± 4.7%, the number of shoots on one explant was 8.5 ± 0.6 pcs., and their length was 8.8 ± 0.4 cm. The specified parameters exceed the values of these indicators in the control by two to four times. The obtained result provides a capillary effect arising under the action of ultrasonic vibrations. The microtubers are saturated with nutrients over the cut area, which stimulates the simultaneous development of the meristematic areas of the “eyes” and has a beneficial effect on the qualitative development of microshoots. The results of the study expand the possibilities of biotechnology in the field of agriculture, particularly, in solving the problem of stimulating the germination of microtubers obtained by cultivating potato microplants in vitro.</p>

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Application of Ultrasound Radiation to Stimulate Potato Germination In Vitro

  • R. V. Papikhin,
  • S. A. Muratova

摘要

Abstract

The study aimed to develop a method for stimulating morphogenetic processes using ultrasound radiation to quickly bring sterile potato microtubers out of dormancy. The work was carried out in 2022. To ensure genetic homogeneity and sterility, the Udacha potato variety was preliminarily propagated in vitro at a radiation frequency of 22 kHz. The ultrasound power density, which was calculated based on the amount of thermal energy released per unit of time per unit area, ranged from 2.7 to 8.0 W/cm2 with an exposure of 60 s. The microtubers were then planted on a hormone-free Murashige-Skoog nutrient medium and placed in the dark for 48 hours. In each experimental variant, 60–70 cut parts of the “halves” of potato microtubers were processed. The best result in the experiment was achieved at a power density of 2.7–5.6 W/cm2. In this variant, the germination of microtubers reached 83.3 ± 4.7%, the number of shoots on one explant was 8.5 ± 0.6 pcs., and their length was 8.8 ± 0.4 cm. The specified parameters exceed the values of these indicators in the control by two to four times. The obtained result provides a capillary effect arising under the action of ultrasonic vibrations. The microtubers are saturated with nutrients over the cut area, which stimulates the simultaneous development of the meristematic areas of the “eyes” and has a beneficial effect on the qualitative development of microshoots. The results of the study expand the possibilities of biotechnology in the field of agriculture, particularly, in solving the problem of stimulating the germination of microtubers obtained by cultivating potato microplants in vitro.