Study of the Operation of a Vortex Pneumatic Sprayer for Disinfectant Liquids

High-quality livestock production relies not only on breeding productive livestock breeds, but also on adhering to zootechnical requirements and maintaining sanitary conditions in livestock facilities. Modern technologies, technical equipment, and disinfectant formulations are used to ensure proper sanitation in these facilities. Failure to comply with operational requirements for technical equipment and recommended disinfectant consumption rates increases microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents. Disinfection efficiency largely depends on the technical capabilities of disinfection systems and, largely, on the performance of spraying devices. Many researchers address complex optimization challenges related to the structural and technological parameters of spraying devices, thereby improving spray quality. In this context, a vortex pneumatic liquid sprayer has been developed for various disinfection technologies and modes. The droplet size distribution of disinfectant aerosols has been determined under different operating conditions of the proposed sprayer design. Experimental data have been used to construct graphical dependences that illustrate the effect of the working pressure of the disinfectant liquid and compressed air in their respective supply channels on dispersion characteristics. The flow rates of the vortex pneumatic sprayer have been determined under various operating modes. Graphical dependences have been constructed to illustrate the relationship between the disinfectant liquid flow rate through the sprayer and different pressure ratios in the supply channels of the disinfectant liquid and compressed air, as well as the angles between them. Based on the technical characteristics, the optimal structural parameters of the new vortex pneumatic sprayer have been identified, specifically, an angle of α = 90° between the pneumatic and liquid inlet channels and an outlet diameter of d = 2.0 mm.