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Abstract <p>The surface of a specimen made of WC–5TiC–10Co alloy T5K10 with a gradient WC–13Co surface layer was investigated to demonstrated that additional sintering under a pressure of 50–60 Pa in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1400°C for 20 min in contact with a pre-applied TiN nanopowder slurry results in a dark outer layer (DOL) of 0.2–3.0 mm in size with a dense heterophase structure containing a Co–W–Ti matrix doped with N and C and dispersed ceramic TiNC grains of various morphology. The mechanism of the formation of this gradient structure was identified as the infiltration of some Co–W–C melt solution generated under thermokinetic sintering conditions from the WC–13Co layer (reduced to 7%) into the porous TiN nanopowder layer. This is followed by liquid-phase sintering accompanied by the partial substitution of nitrogen in TiN with carbon, Co and W dissolution, porosity elimination, and the development of a heterophase structure. Microhardness measurements revealed the values of 14.5 GPa for the WC–7Co layer and 16.1 GPa for the newly formed DOL. The resulting gradient structure shows strong potential for applications in cutting tools for the machining of high-alloy steels.</p>

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Formation of a Gradient TiСN–(Co, Ti, W)С, N Structure on the Surface of a Specimen Made of the WC–5TiC–10Co Hard Alloy under Vacuum in Contact with TiN Nanopowder

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月18日

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  • M. M. Prokopiv,
  • O. V. Kharchenko,
  • S. P. Starik,
  • H. P. Zakharchuk

摘要

Abstract

The surface of a specimen made of WC–5TiC–10Co alloy T5K10 with a gradient WC–13Co surface layer was investigated to demonstrated that additional sintering under a pressure of 50–60 Pa in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1400°C for 20 min in contact with a pre-applied TiN nanopowder slurry results in a dark outer layer (DOL) of 0.2–3.0 mm in size with a dense heterophase structure containing a Co–W–Ti matrix doped with N and C and dispersed ceramic TiNC grains of various morphology. The mechanism of the formation of this gradient structure was identified as the infiltration of some Co–W–C melt solution generated under thermokinetic sintering conditions from the WC–13Co layer (reduced to 7%) into the porous TiN nanopowder layer. This is followed by liquid-phase sintering accompanied by the partial substitution of nitrogen in TiN with carbon, Co and W dissolution, porosity elimination, and the development of a heterophase structure. Microhardness measurements revealed the values of 14.5 GPa for the WC–7Co layer and 16.1 GPa for the newly formed DOL. The resulting gradient structure shows strong potential for applications in cutting tools for the machining of high-alloy steels.