Abstract <p>The influence of vortex phase singularity and wave aberrations on the distortion of the pattern of formation of light curves is investigated. The Gillis transform was used to form the parametric type of the curve, and the diffraction optical elements were calculated using the Whittaker integral. It was found that the influence of vortex phase singularity mainly affects the change in the peripheral part of the amplitude of the formed curve and leading to the formation of zones with zero intensity in the central part. It is also shown that aberrations in optical systems distort the wavefront and degrading the image quality of formed light curves. Different types of aberrations introduce characteristic changes in the intensity distributions of light curves, which can be further used for detection and recognition of aberrations.</p>