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Abstract <p><b>Study objective.</b> The aim was to investigate the effect of perennial agrophytocenoses based on variable alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> var. <i>varia</i>), grown either as a monoculture or in mixture with grasses, on soil microbial diversity under different mowing regimes using high-throughput profiling of soil microbial communities based on the 16S rRNA gene. <b>Materials and methods.</b> The study was conducted at the Field Experimental Station of the Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in a field experiment established in 1996. DNA was isolated from soil samples collected from the upper organomineral horizon using the Qiagen PowerSoil Pro DNA Kit (Qiagen, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s standard protocol on a QiaCube automated workstation (Qiagen, Germany). Amplification was performed using primers whose target regions corresponded to the 515F/Pro-mod-805R primers, while the technical sequences included a heterogeneity spacer, a 6-nucleotide index, and a standard Illumina adapter. Primary filtering of low-quality reads was carried out using the <i>reformat.sh</i> software from the BBTools package. <b>Results.</b> An increased abundance of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms of the genus <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> was detected in experimental plots sown with alfalfa or alfalfa–grass mixtures compared to arable land. Two-cut mowing was associated with greater variability in alpha-diversity metrics compared to three-cut mowing. In addition, a two-cut mowing regime was shown to be more favorable for the accumulation of fixed nitrogen in the soil compared to three-cut mowing, due to more efficient development of a branched root system and, consequently, increased intensity of metabolic fluxes in the rhizosphere. <b>Conclusions.</b> The results demonstrate the possibility of maintaining agrocenosis productivity by managing the composition of soil microbiota through optimization of the botanical composition of grass stands and agronomic practices.</p>

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Influence of Perennial Alfalfa-Based Agrophytocenoses on Soil Microbial Community Parameters

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • S. A. Noskov,
  • N. A. Tutubalina,
  • T. V. Erofeeva,
  • N. N. Lazarev,
  • M. T. Mukhina,
  • M. G. Divashuk,
  • S. V. Toshchakov,
  • S. M. Avdeev

摘要

Abstract

Study objective. The aim was to investigate the effect of perennial agrophytocenoses based on variable alfalfa (Medicago sativa var. varia), grown either as a monoculture or in mixture with grasses, on soil microbial diversity under different mowing regimes using high-throughput profiling of soil microbial communities based on the 16S rRNA gene. Materials and methods. The study was conducted at the Field Experimental Station of the Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in a field experiment established in 1996. DNA was isolated from soil samples collected from the upper organomineral horizon using the Qiagen PowerSoil Pro DNA Kit (Qiagen, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s standard protocol on a QiaCube automated workstation (Qiagen, Germany). Amplification was performed using primers whose target regions corresponded to the 515F/Pro-mod-805R primers, while the technical sequences included a heterogeneity spacer, a 6-nucleotide index, and a standard Illumina adapter. Primary filtering of low-quality reads was carried out using the reformat.sh software from the BBTools package. Results. An increased abundance of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms of the genus Bradyrhizobium was detected in experimental plots sown with alfalfa or alfalfa–grass mixtures compared to arable land. Two-cut mowing was associated with greater variability in alpha-diversity metrics compared to three-cut mowing. In addition, a two-cut mowing regime was shown to be more favorable for the accumulation of fixed nitrogen in the soil compared to three-cut mowing, due to more efficient development of a branched root system and, consequently, increased intensity of metabolic fluxes in the rhizosphere. Conclusions. The results demonstrate the possibility of maintaining agrocenosis productivity by managing the composition of soil microbiota through optimization of the botanical composition of grass stands and agronomic practices.