CPG Oligonucleotides as Vaccine Adjuvants for Prevention of Infectious Diseases

Synthetic oligonucleotides containing unmethylated CpG motifs activate the innate immune system by binding to cells expressing Toll-like receptor 9. In humans, these include plasmacytoid dendritic cells and B cells. Research results show that CpG oligonucleotides enhance humoral and cellular immune responses, as well as accelerate the induction of specific immunoglobulins and promote the formation of higher and more persistent antibody titers when used in combination with protein vaccines. This literature review presents an analysis of the results of using CpG oligonucleotides as vaccine adjuvants for the prevention of infectious diseases.