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Abstract <p>Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), a pivotal scheme for sixth generation (6G), will revolutionize wireless communication by facilitating massive connectivity, spectral efficiency (SE), and user fairness. Power-domain multiplexing and successive interference cancellation (SIC) enable NOMA to support multiple users within the same time-frequency resource block, unlike orthogonal multiple access (OMA). The inherent broadcast nature of wireless communication presents significant challenges for physical layer security (PLS). Secure beamforming, artificial noise (AN) injection, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), and cooperative jamming are analyzed strategies to improve PLS in NOMA deployments. This study examines advanced PLS methodologies for NOMA across several operational scenarios, including massive multiple-input multiple-output (M-MIMO), full-duplex (FD) relaying, millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications, RIS, vehicular communication, and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication. Investigations examine novel methodologies for secure power allocation and user pairing algorithms, employing deep learning (DL) and deep reinforcement learning (DRL). The study encompasses pioneering academic research on how these contributions mitigate eavesdropping, ensure data confidentiality, and enhance secure transmission across various fading scenarios. This research indicates that secure NOMA could be integrated with Terahertz (THz) communication, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), quantum-resilient protocols, and energy-efficient green paradigms in 6G. The research investigates RIS NOMA and DL NOMA in scenarios of elevated node velocity in time-selective Nakagami-m and κ–μ fading channels. This study provides a basis for advancing secure NOMA-enabled wireless networks.</p>

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Review on NOMA Scheme for Emerging 6G Wireless Networks: State of the Art, Key Schemes, Future Scope and Security Issues

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月1日

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  • R. Shankar,
  • I. Kumar,
  • M. Kashyap,
  • A. K. Jha,
  • B. P. Chaudhary

摘要

Abstract

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), a pivotal scheme for sixth generation (6G), will revolutionize wireless communication by facilitating massive connectivity, spectral efficiency (SE), and user fairness. Power-domain multiplexing and successive interference cancellation (SIC) enable NOMA to support multiple users within the same time-frequency resource block, unlike orthogonal multiple access (OMA). The inherent broadcast nature of wireless communication presents significant challenges for physical layer security (PLS). Secure beamforming, artificial noise (AN) injection, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), and cooperative jamming are analyzed strategies to improve PLS in NOMA deployments. This study examines advanced PLS methodologies for NOMA across several operational scenarios, including massive multiple-input multiple-output (M-MIMO), full-duplex (FD) relaying, millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications, RIS, vehicular communication, and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication. Investigations examine novel methodologies for secure power allocation and user pairing algorithms, employing deep learning (DL) and deep reinforcement learning (DRL). The study encompasses pioneering academic research on how these contributions mitigate eavesdropping, ensure data confidentiality, and enhance secure transmission across various fading scenarios. This research indicates that secure NOMA could be integrated with Terahertz (THz) communication, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), quantum-resilient protocols, and energy-efficient green paradigms in 6G. The research investigates RIS NOMA and DL NOMA in scenarios of elevated node velocity in time-selective Nakagami-m and κ–μ fading channels. This study provides a basis for advancing secure NOMA-enabled wireless networks.